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The politics of Rajasthan is mainly dominated by two national level political parties namely the Bharatiya Janata Party and the Indian National Congress. Other parties having presence in Rajasthan include the Bahujan Samaj Party, Lok Jan Shakti Party, Communist Party of India, Indian National Lok Dal, Rajasthan Samajik Nyaya Manch and Janata Dal(United). All these parties colour the Rajasthan politics with lots of news fodder for the media.
The Chief Minister of the state is the most important political personality of Rajasthan. Presently the Chief Minister of Rajasthan is Vasundhara Raje. The state, like all the Indian states of the union, has two types of constitutions such as the assembly constituency and the parliamentary constituency. There are total of 25 parliamentary constituencies and 200 assembly constituencies across the 32 districts of Rajasthan. The Deputy Commissioner acts as the Returning Officer who conducts the elections in Rajasthan.
Rajasthan Local Government
Rajasthan is one of the first states to initiate the three-tiered system of Panchayati Raj. It is a decentralized face of the politics of Rajasthan. The first Panchayat was inaugurated in Rajasthan in 1959, in Naugaur, by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. At present, Rajasthan comprises 32 districts, which are divided into 237 Panchayat samities, 183 municipalities, 241 tehsils and 9,184 village Panchyats. Elections to these Panchayats are directed and supervised by the state council. The local self government involves the decentralization and the delegation of democratic powers to the people. This system of self governance comprises the autonomous institutions like the municipalities (town councils) and the Panchayats (village councils).
Recently, the State Finance Commission is being established to review the financial status of the municipalities and Panchayats. Rajasthan has a municipal corporation and municipal council which are responsible to prepare the plans for social and economical development, and ensure social justice. They also hold the power to impose the taxes.
Rajasthan Judiciary
The apex body of the judiciary in Rajasthan is the High Court. The subordinate judicial service or the district courts and Lok Adalats are the lower part of the judiciary in Rajasthan. The Rajasthan High Court was founded under the Rajasthan High Court Ordinance on 21st June, 1949. It was inaugurated by His Highness Maharaja Sawai Man Singh Ji of Jaipur. It has its headquarters in Jodhpur, and a bench in Jaipur. The strength of judges in the Rajasthan High Court is thirty-two.
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